Linux 1: Basic commands

> sudo — execute with root permissions
> mkdir — make directory
> cd — traverse directories
> pwd — print working directory
> ls — view content
  (options: -l — list, -a — all)
> cp — copy
> mv — move
> rm — remove
> rm -r [or] rmdir — remove directory

> sudo shutdown -h — Halt the system 
> sudo halt — Halt the system
> sudo poweroff — Power off the system
> sudo shutdown -r — Restart the system
> sudo reboot — Reboot the system

sh — run shell script

chmod — change permissions (use with sudo)
chgrp — change group
chown — change owner

Widely used options

-r — recursive
-R — recursive
-v — verbose